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Comparative benefit assessment of various broad-spectrum herbicides

Summary
The complete article is written in German
Important properties determining the use of broad-spectrum herbicides like amitrole, diuron, glyphosate, glufosinate, paraquat can be characterized by their weed spectrum, herbicidal activity in pre- and/or post-emergence, their uptake and translocation behaviour in plants, soil mobility, speed of action as well as duration and extent of their residual activity.
In standard experiments paraquat is showing a comprehensive activity spectrum in post-emergence treatments against most grass and broadleaf weeds, whereas this active ingredient shows no activity in pre-emergence treatments. Preplant incorporation of paraquat in mineral soil with differently adjusted clay levels led to complete inactivation even in soils with clay content below 2 % within 24 hours after treatment. After pre-emergence use crop selectivity to seedlings of wheat, maize, oilseed rape, field peas and sugar beets was dependent on the development stage of seedlings at the time of application after seeding, but independent of the clay content. The particular strength of paraquat results from a combination of different characteristics: superior weed spectrum to grass and broad-leaf weeds, lack of phloem mobility, rapid speed of action, exclusive post-emergence activity to green plant parts only, lack of residual activity, mode of action with potential use in resistance management to prevent development of resistance to other active ingredients. A comparative benefit assessment of herbicides should therefore consider and balance all these parameters.

german version

Keywords/Stichworte:Amitrol; diuron; glufosinate-ammonium; glyphosate; paraquat; GRAMOXONE®; broad-leaf weeds; grass weeds; weed control; residual activity; benefit assessment

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Autor:M. SCHULTE, Syngenta Agro GmbH, Am Technologiepark 1-5, D-63477 Maintal, E-Mail: martin.schulte@syngenta.com;
A. MICHEL, Syngenta Ltd., Jealott’s Hill International Research Centre, Bracknell, Berkshire, RG42 6EY, Großbritannien, E-Mail: albrecht.michel@syngenta.com

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