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Management of metabolic resistant black-grass ( Alopecurus myosuroides Huds.) populations in Germany – challenges and opportunities

Summary
In the intensive winter-wheat growing areas, characterized by winter crop mono-culture, no ploughing, early seeding times and heavy soils, typical for the coastal and river marshlands in Lower Saxony and Schleswig-Holstein, black-grass populations were selected over several years, which exhibit resistance against several herbicides from different mode of action classes. A monitoring program was conducted over years, and confirmed in 2004 again the results from 2001-2003 that practically all resistant populations had developed a metabolic resistance mechanism. On 2 locations an additional ACCase-target-site resistance was found. A mathematical model developed for metabolic resistance demonstrates that such black-grass populations can not be controlled in a sustainable manner by only relying on herbicides. A successful long-term strategy includes a combination of agronomic measures, in particular ploughing, and herbicide programs. Mixtures of different herbicides are usually more effective than sequences in programs. Herbicide programs should aim for optimum control in the fall. Lexus® (flupyrsulfuron-m) + a residual herbicide, applied early post-em fall, consistently showed high levels of control. The pre-treatment with flupyrsulfuron-m has a positive effect on the activity against black-grass of a subsequently applied ALS-inhibitor herbicide.

german version

Keywords/Stichworte:Black-grass; metabolic resistance; herbicides; Germany; monitoring; resistance management

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Autor:HANS G. DROBNY, DuPont de Nemours (Deutschland GmbH, DuPont Str.1, D-61352 Bad Homburg, E-mail: Hans.G.Drobny@deu.dupont.com;
MARIA SALAS, JEAN-PIERRE CLAUDE, DuPont de Nemours (France) S.A.S., 137, rue de l’universite, F-75007 Paris, e-mail: Maria.Salas.@fra.dupont.com, Jean-Pierre.Claude@fra.dupont.com

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